Dandelion: Potensi Manfaat, Dosis, Dan Efek Samping

2024 Pengarang: Cecilia Ryder | [email protected]. Terakhir diubah: 2023-12-17 14:21

Dandelion secara ilmiah disebut Taraxacum officinale. Mereka bukan hanya gulma menjengkelkan yang berdiri di halaman belakang Anda. Dalam pengobatan tradisional, ini diketahui telah digunakan untuk khasiat pengobatannya.

Penelitian pada hewan menunjukkan bahwa dandelion dapat membantu dalam pengobatan diabetes (1). Lebih banyak penelitian menjelaskan kemungkinan manfaat kesehatan dari dandelion, termasuk melawan peradangan dan kanker.

Di sini, kami akan mengeksplorasi berbagai cara bunga ini dapat membantu meningkatkan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan Anda.

Daftar Isi

• Apa Manfaat Kesehatan Potensial Dandelion?
• Apa Profil Gizi * Dandelion?
• Cara Mengkonsumsi Dandelion
• Cara Membuat Teh Dandelion
• Apa Dosis Ideal Dandelion?
• Apakah Dandelion Memiliki Efek Samping?

Apa Manfaat Kesehatan Potensial Dandelion?

Senyawa bioaktif dalam dandelion dapat membantu melawan peradangan dan bahkan kanker. Mereka juga dapat membantu menurunkan kadar gula darah. Meskipun kandungan kalsium dan vitamin K di dalamnya dapat memperkuat tulang, kandungan zat besinya dapat membantu mencegah anemia.

1. Dapat Membantu Memerangi Peradangan

Sel yang diobati dengan senyawa dandelion ternyata memiliki tingkat peradangan yang lebih rendah. Polisakarida dari dandelion memiliki sifat anti-inflamasi dan anti-oksidatif yang memainkan peran yang menjanjikan dalam hal ini (2).

Dandelion bekerja dengan cara mengurangi produksi sitokin pro-inflamasi, yang merupakan senyawa yang biasanya terlibat dalam peradangan tubuh (3).

Dalam studi lain yang melibatkan tikus dengan peradangan paru-paru, pengenalan dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum, ditanam di China) ditemukan dapat memperbaiki kondisi tersebut (4).

2. Dapat Mengurangi Risiko Kanker

Studi yang dilakukan pada akar dandelion (dan ekstrak serai) menemukan bahwa ia memiliki potensi anti kanker. Akar ditemukan untuk menginduksi apoptosis (kematian sel kanker) dan meningkatkan efek kemoterapi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada sel kanker prostat (5).

Ekstrak akar dandelion bisa menjadi alternatif anti kanker yang tidak beracun dan efektif. Itu mampu memicu kematian sel terprogram sel kanker dalam model kanker kolorektal. Kompleksitas molekuler (parameter tertentu yang terlibat dalam penemuan obat) dari ekstrak akar dapat bertanggung jawab atas aktivitas anti-kanker ini (6).

Ekstrak akar dandelion juga ditemukan dapat mencegah kanker hati (7). Efek serupa juga diamati pada kanker pankreas (8).

Meskipun temuan ini menggembirakan, diperlukan lebih banyak penelitian untuk memahami dan menetapkan bagaimana dandelion dapat mencegah dan mengobati kanker pada manusia.

3. Dapat Membantu Pengobatan Diabetes

Asam chicoric dan chlorogenic dalam dandelion memiliki potensi besar sebagai nutraceuticals anti diabetes dan obat-obatan untuk mengatur diabetes. Asam mengandung senyawa fenolik yang dapat meningkatkan efek anti-diabetes bunga (1).

Dalam sebuah penelitian, daun dandelion dan akarnya ditemukan memiliki efek terapeutik yang serupa pada penderita diabetes. Ini dapat meningkatkan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan pasien dalam jangka panjang (9). Namun, efek jangka panjang konsumsi dandelion perlu diselidiki.

Senyawa bioaktif lain dalam dandelion yang menawarkan manfaat anti-diabetes termasuk fenol, flavonoid, asam fenolik, dan triterpen. Akar dandelion mengandung inulin, yang mengandung karbohidrat kompleks. Ini membantu menormalkan kadar gula darah (1).

4. Dapat Meningkatkan Kesehatan Jantung

Tikus yang diberi ekstrak dandelion menunjukkan penurunan dramatis dalam kadar trigliserida dan kolesterol. Ketika tikus diberi makan diet tinggi lemak yang dilengkapi dengan ekstrak, ada penurunan akumulasi lipid hati yang diamati (10).

Temuan serupa diamati dalam penelitian kelinci. Pada kelinci yang diberi diet tinggi lemak, pengenalan akar dandelion meningkatkan status antioksidan dan menurunkan kadar kolesterol serum. Akar juga memerangi stres oksidatif dan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan jantung (11).

Dandelion juga dapat meningkatkan kesehatan jantung dengan menurunkan tingkat tekanan darah. Tanaman itu mengandung kalium (12). Studi menunjukkan bahwa kalium makanan teratur dapat membantu menurunkan tingkat tekanan darah (13).

5. Dapat Membantu Dalam Menurunkan Berat Badan

Dandelion ditemukan memiliki efek yang mirip dengan obat penurun berat badan populer (Orlistat), yang bekerja dengan menghambat lipase pankreas. Lipase pankreas adalah enzim yang dilepaskan selama pencernaan yang membantu pemecahan lemak. Menghambat enzim ini dapat mengubah cara lemak diserap dalam tubuh, kemungkinan membantu penurunan berat badan (14). Namun, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk menjelaskan efek anti-obesitas dandelion pada manusia.

Dandelion adalah ramuan pahit. Studi menunjukkan bahwa herba pahit, jika diminum sebagai teh sebelum dimakan, dapat merangsang sekresi lambung dan meningkatkan pemecahan kolesterol dan lemak. Dengan cara ini, mereka dapat melengkapi upaya penurunan berat badan Anda (15).

6. Dapat Meningkatkan Kesehatan Tulang

Sayuran dandelion adalah sumber vitamin K dan kalsium yang baik (12). Kedua nutrisi ini terkait dengan kesehatan tulang.

Vitamin K dikenal dapat meningkatkan pembentukan tulang. Itu juga bisa mengatur keseimbangan kalsium dan metabolisme tulang. Selain meningkatkan kepadatan mineral tulang, vitamin K juga mengurangi tingkat patah tulang (16).

Asupan kalsium juga memengaruhi kesehatan tulang dengan cara yang positif. Ini memainkan peran penting dalam mencegah keropos tulang dan patah tulang (17).

Senyawa dalam dandelion mengandung prebiotik, yang dapat meningkatkan penyerapan kalsium. Dengan cara ini, mereka juga dapat berperan dalam kesehatan tulang (18).

7. Dapat Meningkatkan Kesehatan Hati

Akar dandelion dapat meningkatkan kesehatan hati dengan berbagai cara. Dalam sebuah penelitian, ini bisa meringankan penyakit hati berlemak non-alkohol yang diinduksi oleh diet tinggi lemak dan juga mengurangi stres oksidatif yang diinduksi alkohol (19).

Beberapa penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa dandelion dapat meningkatkan pemulihan dari cedera hati (20).

8. Dapat Meningkatkan Imunitas

The flavonoid contents of dandelion may have a major impact on the human immune system. It contains short-chain fatty acids, which were found to boost immune function and prevent infectious diseases in weaned pigs (21).

Dandelion also may nourish the blood cells in the body. Mice studies show it can help achieve normal red blood cells and white blood cells balance. This way, it may boost the immune system (22).

9. May Prevent Anemia

There is less information available in this aspect. Some research states that dandelion can help prevent anemia as it contains iron (23). One cup of chopped dandelion (55 g) contains about 2 mg of iron (12).

10. May Prevent Water Retention In Kidneys

The diuretic properties of dandelion can help here. Its high potassium content makes dandelion a good diuretic (24).

In a study, intake of dandelion increased the urinary frequency in subjects over a period of 5 hours (25). Hence, this plant shows promise as a diuretic in humans and may help prevent water retention in kidneys. However, if you have kidney disease, consult your doctor before using dandelion.

11. May Boost Skin Health

Studies show that dandelion extracts can protect the skin from UVB damage. They exhibited protective effects against photoaging (26).

In folk medicine, dandelion (especially the sap of the plant) was believed to be used to treat warts and eczema, among other skin disorders (27).

Some evidence also states that the sap of dandelion may be used to combat acne (28). However, more research is warranted in this regard.

These are the ways dandelion can make your life better. Though we know a few of the nutrients present in this plant, well, there is a lot more. In the following section, we will take a detailed look at dandelion’s nutrition profile.

What Is The Nutritional Profile* Of Dandelions?

Nutrient	Unit	1Value per 100 g	1 cup, chopped = 55.0g
Water	g	85.6	47.08
Energy	kcal	45	25
Protein	g	2.7	1.49
Total lipid (fat)	g	0.7	0.39
Carbohydrate, by difference	g	9.2	5.06
Fiber, total dietary	g	3.5	1.9
Sugars, total	g	0.71	0.39
Minerals
Calcium, Ca	mg	187	103
Iron, Fe	mg	3.1	1.71
Magnesium, Mg	mg	36	20
Phosphorus, P	mg	66	36
Potassium, K	mg	397	218
Sodium, Na	mg	76	42
Zinc, Zn	mg	0.41	0.23
Vitamins
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid	mg	35	19.2
Thiamin	mg	0.19	0.104
Riboflavin	mg	0.26	0.143
Niacin	mg	0.806	0.443
Vitamin B-6	mg	0.251	0.138
Folate, DFE	µg	27	15
Vitamin A, RAE	µg	508	279
Vitamin A, IU	IU	10161	5589
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)	mg	3.44	1.89
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)	µg	778.4	428.1
Lipids
Fatty acids, total saturated	g	0.17	0.094
Fatty acids, total monounsaturated	g	0.014	0.008
Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated	g	0.306	0.168

* values sourced from USDA, dandelion greens, raw

That’s an impressive nutritional profile, isn’t it? Including dandelions in your diet is quite easy. Up next, we will discuss a few simple ways to do just that.

How To Consume Dandelions

• The simplest way to consume dandelions is to include them in a salad. Just toss a few dandelion greens into your evening vegetable salad.
• Sauteéd dandelions are another good option. Cooking dandelions removes their bitterness. You can boil the greens for about 5 minutes and then transfer them to a pan with garlic and hot olive oil. Sauté for 3 to 5 minutes. Eat as it is.
• You can also use dandelion flower petals in your preparations. You can add the petals to your bakery items like muffins, cookies, or even plain bread.

The most popular way of enjoying the goodness of dandelion is in the form of tea. But how do you make it?

How To Make Dandelion Tea

The process is simple.

1. Throw the dandelion roots into a food processor and process.
2. Dry them at 250o F in an oven until they are completely dry.
3. Roast in the oven at 350o F until they turn brown.
4. Add the roots to water in a pan and bring to a boil. You can add 2 tablespoons of the root for every 16 oz of water.
5. Simmer for 20 minutes.
6. Strain the liquid and drink.

What Is The Ideal Dosage Of Dandelions?

The American Botanical Council recommends the following doses (29):

• For the powdered root, the dosage is 3 to 4 grams, thrice daily.
• If you are taking a decoction, boil 3 to 4 grams of powdered root in 150 ml of water.
• In case of an infusion, you can steep 1 tablespoon of cut root in 150 ml of water.
• If you are having a tincture, stick to 10 to 15 drops, thrice daily.

If you are taking a dandelion supplement, you can follow the dosage prescribed by your health care provider. Dandelion has been given the generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status and approved by the US FDA for use as a supplement (30).

You can get the supplement here.

Before you start making dandelion a regular part of your diet, you need to be aware of its side effects.

Do Dandelions Have Any Side Effects?

May Cause Allergies

Dandelions may cause allergic contact dermatitis. This can be attributed to the presence of compounds called sesquiterpene lactones, which are irritants. The symptoms of these allergies include dry and itchy eczema-like reactions (31).

May Interfere With Blood Thinners

Dandelion is rich in vitamin K, which aids blood clotting. Dandelion may interfere with blood thinners like Warfarin (32).

May Cause Kidney Failure In Susceptible Individuals

There is less research on this. However, a herbal remedy containing dandelion as one of the primary ingredients caused renal failure (33). If you have kidney issues, please avoid dandelion and check with your doctor.

There is no information on the safety of dandelion during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Hence, consult your doctor in this regard.

Conclusion

Meskipun tampak seperti gulma sederhana, dandelion mungkin memiliki beberapa manfaat. Namun, diperlukan lebih banyak penelitian untuk menetapkan manfaat ini bagi manusia. Juga, waspadai kemungkinan efek samping dan konsultasikan dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan Anda sebelum memasukkan dandelion atau suplemennya ke dalam makanan Anda.

Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan

Apakah teh dandelion mengandung kafein?

Tidak, tidak. Tapi ada kopi dandelion, yang merupakan campuran seperti kopi dengan efek kafein. Anda bisa mendapatkannya disini.

Apakah dandelion membuat Anda mengantuk?

Tidak, dandelion tidak dikenal sebagai makanan yang bisa memicu tidur.

33 sumber

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